The eligibility criteria of the German-Austrian trial included tumor diameter ≤ 3 cm, clear resection margin (≥ 0.2 cm), N0 or singular nodal micrometastasis, estrogen and/or progesterone receptor positive, and ≥ 35 years [10]; patients were excluded if multifocality, poor differentiation, an extensive intraductal component, or lymphovascular invasion existed. This evidence concerns the gene PGR and neoplasm.