Thus, the goal of the present paper was to identify the T → A polymorphism, which results in the substitution of aminoacid Leucine (leu) for Isoleucine (ile) in position 306 of the protein from gene TAX1BP1 in patients with head and neck cancer and in a population of individuals without a past of neoplasia and also to assess the distribution of these genotypes according with the clinical and pathological characteristics of head and neck cancer. Here, TAX1BP1 is linked to neoplasm.