CCL2 and metabolic disease: In the context of ART-associated complications, finally, we have identified several genes which are reported to be linked with lipodystrophy and/or the metabolic syndrome as modulated under ART (CAPZA1 [68], CCL2 [69], GAS6 [70], NAMPT [71,72], STAT1 [73]), suggesting that the monocyte population may contribute to the development of ART-associated metabolic disorders through these factors.