Because we have observed association of CCR2+ macrophage trafficking with tumor cell-produced hBD-3, but not MCP-1, in oral CIS lesions (Figure 2B, 2C; Figure 3B–D) and in xenograft tumors in nude mice (Figure 5C–E), we hypothesized that hBD-3 mediates monocyte/macrophage migration by acting through CCR2. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and in situ carcinoma.