ACE and autoimmune disease: Recent studies have reported that several SNPs (A-5466C, T-3892C, A-240T, CJ237T, G2215A and A2350G) of the ACE gene may affect the risk of certain autoimmune diseases such as essential hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, IgA nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy and so on [14-16].