The integration of 154 early HCC signature genes with the copy number data resulted in 75 genes that mapped to human CNA chromosomal loci genes including COL1A1, CCNA2, NFATC2, F2, DCK, MMP2, GJA1, VIM, LGALS3BP, and SP100. The interaction network of those genes further corroborated with the activation of the NF-κB, p38 MAPK, AP1, and JNK pathways (Figure 5). Here, SP100 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.