The proliferative or fibrogenic growth factors, such as VEGF, FGF-2/FGF-β, PDGF-A and -B, TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 have been previously reported to not only stimulate uterine leiomyoma cell proliferation in culture, but some have been reported to enhance collagen production [25]. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is uterine corpus leiomyoma.