After linkage with the NHS IC, 293 patients with a prior history of malignancy (excluding CIS and nonmelanoma skin cancer) were identified, 177 (1.6%) of 10,735 in the anti-TNF cohort and 117 (3.6%) of 3,235 in the comparison cohort (Figure 1). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is in situ carcinoma.