ACE and diabetic kidney disease: In Indian studies, Viswanathan et al.[13] and Bhavani et al.[14] found a positive association between the D allele (ID and DD genotype) of the ACE polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy in south Indian type II diabetic patients.[13, 14] Where as Ajay Kumar et al.[15] and Prasad P. et al.[16] found no relation between ACE gene polymorphism and development of diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetics in north Indian population.