NTS and cirrhosis of liver: It has been confirmed that the high incidence of RE in patients with chronic liver disease is related to the following factors: 1 There are changes in gastrointestinal hormones in patients with liver cirrhosis: Studies have shown that plasma vasoactive peptide and neurotensin in patients with liver cirrhosis are significantly higher than in the normal population, and vasoactive peptides and neurotensin are known to reduce the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which facilitates reflux of the stomach contents[5,7].