Many plant species respond to pathogen infection or treatment with MAMPs with the induction of OsMPK3 or homologs of OsMPK3 (Romeis et al., 1999; Xiong et al., 2001) and RLK genes (Yoshimura et al., 1998; Zipfel et al., 2004, 2006). The gene discussed is TXK; the disease is infection.