48 gastrointestinal cancer cell lines (18 colorectal, 15 pancreatic, 8 gastric, 5 hepatocellular and 2 cholangiocellular carcinomas) were screened for proximal and distal FA pathway inactivation using FANCD2 immunoblotting, FANCD2 and RAD51 nuclear focus formation (Fig. 1A, Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene FANCA and cholangiocarcinoma.