IL4R and infection: Eight weeks after infection, the absence of IL-4Rα-dependent T cell responses resulted in severe hepatotoxicity while an absence of IL-4Rα-activated macrophages was responsible for the development of severe inflammation and damage in both intestine and liver, with a subsequent increase in serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels and aspartate transaminase levels in the serum, respectively [6].