MYOCD and Alzheimer disease: It has been shown, for example, that overexpression of the two transcription factors, serum response factor and myocardin, in the cerebral vascular smooth muscle cells in AD, mediated arterial hypercontractility leading to reduced cerebral blood flow [48] and facilitated cerebral amyloid angiopathy via accumulation of the cytotoxic amyloid beta-peptide in cerebral vessels [49] leading to disease progression.