Since the first report of Horikawa linking specific CAPN10 at-risk haplotype combination (112/121) (defined by UCSNP-43, -19 and -63), with higher risk of T2D in Mexican-Americans and Europeans [10], a number of studies performed on diverse populations yielded often inconsistent association of CAPN10 diplotypes with T2D risk [9,10]. This evidence concerns the gene CAPN10 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.