CAV1 and pulmonary arterial hypertension: Additionally, Cav-1 KO mice exhibited myocardial hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension and alveolar cell hyper proliferation caused by constitutive activation of p42/44 mitogen activated protein kinase and Akt [29] Interestingly, in Cav-1-reconstituted mice, cardiac hypertrophy and pulmonary hypertension were completely rescued [29].