Aimed at minimizing these confounding agents - frequently not taken into consideration in previous studies - we evaluated the effect of the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene on the occurrence of organ dysfunction, severity of the disease and mortality in a relatively homogenous cohort of patients: only Caucasian subjects with severe sepsis due to pneumonia were included in the study. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINE1 and Sepsis.