The comparative proteomic data show that Ras, ERK, JNK, p38-MAPK and Akt (Figure 5A), TNF and TGFb1 (Figure 5B), and MAPK and NFkB (Figure 5C) are the key nodes in their pathway networks; and that ERK/MAPK signaling (Figure 6) is the significant canonical pathway in adenomas. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and adenoma.