Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis demonstrates over expression of stem cell transcripts, NOGGIN and LIN28, in pluripotent H9 and BG01V hESCs relative to astrocytic-like cells (H9 APCs, BG01V APCs and CCF-STTG1 astrocytoma cells), while over expression of GFAP RNA is observed in all astrocytic-like cells relative to both hESC lines (Figure 1B). Here, NOG is linked to astrocytoma (excluding glioblastoma).