A case-control study including 1165 case and 1105 control of Chinese Hans from Shanghai [13] confirmed the associations of MTNR1B rs10830963 with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and increasing fasting glucose, while another study in general Japanese and Sri Lankan populations [12] reported association between the variant and fasting glucose with effect sizes similar to those observed in Chinese Hans [13]. The gene discussed is MTNR1B; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.