Approximately 12 weeks after having received a negative result (time-point 4), distress relating to prostate cancer testing remained more prevalent than distress at the time of the PSA test (difference in mean: 2.42; 95% CI (0.50, 1.15); P=0.009), with 8.9% of men (16 out of 179) reporting scores of clinical concern. The gene discussed is KLK3; the disease is prostate cancer.