Based on in vitro and in vivo studies, Th2-dominated immunity was associated with increased susceptibility to disease, while Th1 cell activation through IL-12 [46], IFNγ [51], [52], TNFα [53] and IFNα [54] was suggested to induce protective immunity in AE [55], [56]. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is acrodermatitis enteropathica.