Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic inflammation or anemia of chronic disease, was described over 50 years ago as a normo to microcytic anemia, typically of mild severity, characterized biochemically by a low plasma iron, decreased total iron-binding capacity, decreased transferrin saturation, and, on bone marrow examination, decreased sideroblasts and increased reticuloendothelial iron [1]. The gene discussed is TF; the disease is anemia (phenotype).