The effect sizes were comparable with the total UKRAG cohort (HLA-DRB1 SE (2.1, 2.6), PTPN22 (1.5, 1.5), OLIG3/TNFAIP3 (1.2, 1.2) and TRAF1/C5 loci (1.1, 1.1); early RA compared with total UKRAG cohort [6-8,14], respectively). This evidence concerns the gene TRAF1 and rheumatoid arthritis.