Similar to the apoE4 polymorphism, the haptoglobin 2-2 polymorphism is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species and decreased tissue levels of vitamin E and importantly, vitamin E supplementation (d-α-tocopherol) appears to reduce cardiovascular events in individuals with diabetes mellitus type 2 and the Hp 2-2 genotype [69]. The gene discussed is HP; the disease is diabetes mellitus.