To determine if the aggregation of KCs in granulomas was due to a re-distribution of liver-resident KCs, or whether this reflected the recruitment/differentiation of blood or BM-derived precursors after infection had been established, we used fluorescent nanobeads (NBs) to label KCs (and other potential liver-resident phagocytic cells) prior to infection. This evidence concerns the gene TBCE and Granuloma.