In a hypothesis-generating retrospective analysis of tumour biopsy samples of 113 patients treated with anti-EGFR moAb plus chemotherapy, BRAF-mutated patients did not respond to therapy and had a shorter progession-free survival and overall survival (OS) compared with BRAF wild-type patients (Di Nicolantonio et al, 2008). The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is neoplasm.