Among numerous biological markers being currently investigated (Brundage et al, 2002), recent reports suggest that neuron-specific enolase (NSE) may be an independent prognostic factor for survival in NSCLC (Maeda et al, 2000; Jacot et al, 2001; Ferrigno et al, 2003). The gene discussed is ENO2; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.