The potential role of HIF-2 upregulation of PTPRZ1 in renal cell carcinoma of particularly intriguing, as VHL is associated with renal cell carcinoma and there is evidence that HIF-2 is more important than HIF-1 in the renal cell carcinoma tumorigenesis in this setting [38]. Here, PTPRZ1 is linked to hereditary clear cell renal cell carcinoma.