APOB and atherosclerosis: Epidemiological studies have shown that dyslipidaemia, including high levels of plasma or serum total cholesterol (TC) [1,2], triglycerides (TGs) [3,4], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [5,6] and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) [7,8], and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [9,10], is a risk factor for the progression of atherosclerosis and the development of coronary artery disease.