ADAD1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In addition to IL-2 and IL-21, the 480 kb region at 4q27 encompasses genes encoding testis nuclear RNA-binding protein (TENR) and a protein of unknown function, KIAA1109. The chromosomal region at position 4q27 has been highlighted as a potential risk locus in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and candidate gene studies for several common inflammatory disorders including celiac disease, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), psoriasis, multiple sclerosis and both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), ulcerative colitis and Chron's disease [18-24].