TLR4 and Crohn ileitis: In the T. gondii-induced ileitis model, 16S gene sequence analysis revealed that ileal lactobacilli, bifidobacteria and clostridia disappeared and were replaced with enterobacterial and bacteroides species, suggesting that enterobacterial overgrowth drives not only the increase in TLR2 and TLR4 stimulants in this model, but also the increase in TLR5-stimulants [12].