EPCs, defined as Lin-/7AAD-/CD34+/CD133+/VEGFR-2+ cells, were quantified by flow cytometry in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 59 RA patients (mean age: 54 ± 15 years, disease duration: 16 ± 11 years) and 36 controls (mean age: 53 ± 19 years) free of cardiovascular events and of cardiovascular risk factors. This evidence concerns the gene KDR and rheumatoid arthritis.