MAPK1 and carcinoma: In these reports, the investigators also observed that selective BRAF inhibitors, such as PLX4720, 885-A and GDC-0879 stimulated MEK–ERK signaling in BRAF wild-type melanoma and carcinoma cells via RAF1 activation (Hatzivassiliou et al., 2010; Heidorn et al., 2010).