Diet intervention should be the first-line of treatment, but it only partially corrects hypercholesterolemia in such patients.2 The greatest and the most consistent reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol is seen with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoA reductase) inhibitors. The gene discussed is HMGCR; the disease is familial hypercholesterolemia.