Several other genes have been associated with alcoholism or related traits and await replication [17,18], including TAS2R16 [19,20], NTRK2 [21], GABRG3 [22], GABRA1 [23], OPRK1 and PDYN [24,25], NFKB1 [26], ANKK1 [27], ACN9 [28], TACR3 [29], CHRNA5 [30], SNCA [31], NPY [32,33], and NPY receptors [34]. This evidence concerns the gene SNCA and alcohol dependence.