Given that loss of gelsolin in a knockout mouse line 41 results in reduced apoptosis in response to myocardial infarction (artery ligation), which normally induces severe hypertrophy and dilation, the up-regulation of gelsolin (and other functionally related proteins) we detect suggests a causal connection to both the ventricular remodeling that precedes dilation (Fig. 2) and the increased apoptosis observed during disease progression 7. Here, GSN is linked to myocardial infarction.