Interestingly, in the MC-1R genes of all melanoma patients with skin type 1 mutations were detected that have been described to correlate with skin cancer or to be directly linked to melanoma [35]–[39] whereas healthy donors with skin type 1 predominantly exhibited mutations that have only been associated with the red hair/fair skin phenotype or the loss-of-function of MC-1R (Table 1) [35], [40], [41]. This evidence concerns the gene MC1R and skin cancer.