VEGFA and neoplasm: While VEGF and IL-11 secretion by MDA-MB231 cells were not affected by the scaffold type (Fig. 5A) and PTHrP was secreted at undetectable levels (<0.3 pM) from either mineralized or non-mineralized tumor models (data not shown), IL-8 secretion was increased by 38% in mineralized scaffolds HA (Fig 5A).