Univariate Cox analysis demonstrated that compared to cancers with PTEN, tumours with PTEN loss had significantly worse cause-specific and overall survival (HR=3.33, 95% CI=2.11–5.26, P<0.001, Figure 3A, and HR=1.72, 95% CI=1.24–2.38, P=0.001). This evidence concerns the gene PTEN and neoplasm.