Moreover, the result from our group about the expressions of ADAM12, AREG, ER, JAGL1, PDGF-A, PN and SCG2 in whole CCA tissues (n = 20) showed that only AREG, PDGF-A and PN had higher level in cancer than those in benign liver tissues with statistical significance (data not shown). Here, ADAM12 is linked to cholangiocarcinoma.