However, in a recent nested case-control study using data from three prospective cohorts, namely, the Nurses' Health Study (NHS), NHSII, and the Women's Health Study (WHS), no significant positive association between IGF related proteins (IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, and IGF-I) and ovarian cancer risk was found [58]. Here, IGFBP2 is linked to ovarian carcinoma.