HLA-C and HIV-1 infection: The HLA-C variant rs9264942, which is in partial LD with all HLA-C alleles (Table S6), associates with mRNA and protein expression levels of HLA-C [3],[33] (R. Thomas, M.C., personal communication): it is thus likely that this SNP is in fact a marker of the effect of HLA-C expression on HIV-1 control: more work is needed to understand the precise immunological and biological function of HLA-C in the context of HIV-1 infection.