The metastasis-associated gene S100A4 showed increased expression in invasive melanoma cell lines in this study, with S100A4 over-expression previously associated with a poor prognosis in a variety of human neoplasms such as stomach, colon, breast, melanoma, gallbladder, and pancreatic cancer (reviewed in [30]). This evidence concerns the gene S100A4 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.