SP1 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: Recently, evidence has indicated that the allele G of SNP −11377C/G alters the sequence for one of four SP1 binding sites.96 The risk G allele results in abolishing of SP1 binding and subsequently causes reduction of adiponectin activity by ~25%.82 Beside SNP −11377C/G, −11391A/G is another promoter polymorphism and has moderate association with T1D diabetic nephropathy among Danish cohort but not in Finnish and French populations.97 Further investigation for understanding correlation between these two promoter polymorphisms and novel binding site has been taken into our consideration.