ACTA1 and infection: Infection with TLR4-shRNA lentivirus could not completely inhibit PICP (Figure 2A), hydroxyproline (Figure 2B), α-SMA, and type I procollagen (Figure 2C, 2D, Figure 3) expression and also could not completely inhibit p-AKT and integrin β1 expression (Figure 4) (as shown by the comparison between the TI and TI+L group).