We also identified genes in novel pathways: in T1D, a number of genes controlling T cell activation were selected including the calcium channel ITPR1, the calcium dependent phospholipase PLA2G4A, the regulatory subunit of calcineurin PPP3R2 and the calcineurin dependent transcription factor NFATC2 suggesting a role for calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signalling in susceptibility of type 1 diabetes. This evidence concerns the gene NFATC2 and type 1 diabetes mellitus.