While mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene give rise to this autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by neurodegeneration, immunodeficiency and cancer predisposition [139], FA is primarily caused by a GAA triplet expansion within intron 1 of the FRDA gene, which ablates the expression of frataxin [140]. This evidence concerns the gene ATM and immunodeficiency disease.