Although some studies have shown evidence in favor of frequency and topographical distribution of HIV core protein P24 [28,29], detailed investigations with focus on quantity, quality, topographical distribution and infiltration of macrophages, CD8+ T cells, especially in relation to HIV, in diverse regions of the brain from patients with and without dementia, which might elucidate entry mechanism of HIV into the CNS and explain regional involvement in the development of HAD, are seriously lacking. Here, CD8A is linked to dementia.