Indications for performing PLB were a diagnostic work up for indeterminate liver disease (n = 32/32%), staging/grading of chronic hepatitis (all: n = 43/43%, HCV: n = 26/26%, HBV: n = 12/12%, AIH: n = 5/5%), a diagnostic work up of OLT patients with elevated LFTs (n = 19/19%), acute/subacute liver failure (n = 1/1%), and others (all: n = 5/5%, primary sclerosing cholangitis [PSC]: n = 2/2%, primary biliary cirrhosis [PBC]: n = 2/2%, alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency: n = 1/1%) (Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene SERPINA1 and liver disorder.